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Sign: Mafra - Tapada - London Plane


Address:
Mafra, 2640 Mafra, Portugal
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On the sign:
logo of Tapada Nacional de Mafra

PLÁTANO
LONDON PLANE (PLATANUS X HISPANICA)

Pertence à Família Platanaceae.
Também conhecido como plátano-híbrido ou plátano-de-Londres. Surge no sec. XVII por hibridação entre o plátano Oriental e o plátano ocidental (plátano americano). São muito comuns como árvores ornamentais sendo largamente plantadas por toda a Europa. É plantado na Tapada Nacional de Mafra no início do sec. XIX.

MORFOLOGIA
Árvore de folha caduca, sendo que as folhas adquirem um tom laranja-amarelado e caem no Outono. Tronco geralmente direito e alto com casca de cor pálida cinzenta esverdeada ou amarelada que se desprende em placas de forma irregular.
Flores unissexuais formando bolas pedunculares (inflorescências) masculinas de cor verde e femininas de cor carmesim. A mesma árvore apresenta os dois tipos de flores, embora em caules diferentes. Os frutos são aquéntos (fruto simples, seco, com uma única semente) rodeados de pelos de cor amarelada, cuja maturação ocorre no final do verão.

DIMENSÃO
Pode atingir os 40 metros.

DISTRIBUIÇÃO NA TAPADA NACIONAL DE MAFRA
Ao longo do vale principal.

CURIOSIDADES
As folhas jovens e as sementes libertam pelos curtos que são irritantes quando inalados, podendo provocar alergias e problemas respiratórios.
Muito tolerante à poluição atmosférica e à compactação das raízes, por isso, muito utilizada em ruas ou em estradas urbanas.
Muitos acreditam que a folha do plátano é a que está representada na bandeira do Canadá, porém, a folha ilustrada é a de um Acer O nome plátano de Londres provém do facto da plantação do novo hibrido em Londres ter começado no final do século XVIII, sendo presentemente a árvore mais comum nas ruas e parques de Londres.

It belongs to the Platanaceae family. Also known as London plane, or hybrid plane.
It appeared in the 17th century by hybridization between the american sycamore and Oriental plane.
They are very common as ornamental trees and are widely planted throughout Europe.
It was planted in the Tapada National de Mafra in the early 19th century.

MORPHOLOGY
Deciduous tree. The leaves turn a rich orange-yellow before falling in autumn. Multi-coloured bark which has a camouflage-style pattern, usually pale grey-green or buff-brown. London plane is monoecious, meaning the ball-shaped male (green) and female (crimson) flowers are found on the same tree, although on different stems. The fruits are achenes (simple dry fruit with a single seed) surrounded in yellow coloured hairs reaching maturity in late summer.

SIZE
This tree may reach up to 40 metres tall.

DISTRIBUTION IN TAPADA DE MAFRA
Throughout the main valley.

INTERESTING FACTS
The young leaves and seeds release short hairs that may become irritants whenever inhaled and able to provoke allergies and respiratory problems.
Highly tolerant of atmospheric pollution and the compacting of their roots, this species is thus commonly planted in urban streets or along other thoroughfares.
There is a commonly held belief that it is the London plane leaf depicted on the national flag of Canada, nevertheless the leaf depicted is that of the maple.
Planting of the new hybrid across London started in the late 18th century and nowadays it is the most common tree in London, both as a street tree and in city parks.
Photography:
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Comments:
One of the series of signs found in Tapada - Hunting Park, a world heritage site.

The tree was photographed on the same day Click for a larger image

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